Researchers from the Amity University, Mohali, and Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, discovered a new prion called [SNG2] in fission yeast. This is the first known instance of a prion affecting gene silencing. This discovery highlights the unexpected roles of prions in inheritance and cellular behaviour.

Researchers from the Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Kerala, have recently uncovered one of the potential genetic links between cerebellum development and neurodevelopmental disorders like autism. They found that a transcription factor called Tlx3 (T cell leukaemia Homeobox 3) plays a crucial role in cerebellum development in mice, highlighting its significance in autism development.

β-hCG, commonly known as the "pregnancy hormone," may hold promise as a positive prognostic marker in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Researchers at the Rajiv Gandhi Biotechnology Centre, Kerala, have been investigating the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis by BRCA1 gene, the mutations of which are strongly associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancers.

Researchers, led by Sunil Laxman, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bengaluru, have experimentally shown that cells follow principles of economics when they encounter nutrient limitation. Their results provide an economic framework for prioritisation strategies used by cells on facing nutrient limitation.

A research group led by Tamal Das, Associate Professor, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, studied how the cellular environment influences mitochondrial positioning, impacting cellular identity. Their research sheds light on cellular adaptation mechanisms and offers potential therapeutic interventions for diseases characterised by abnormal tissue stiffness, such as cancer and fibrosis.

A recent collaborative study led by Giriraj R Chandak, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, examined height differences among children in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries (HICs). They discovered that besides genetic factors, epigenetic modifications, particularly in the SOCS3 gene, significantly influence height, showing potential implications for childhood interventions to reduce future non-communicable disease risks.

A recent study by researchers at the National Institute of Immunology (NII), New Delhi, led by Arnab Mukhopadhyay, used C. elegans to show how damage to somatic tissues in the body can influence the development of reproductive cells—particularly eggs. They found that DNA damage signals from uterine tissue can stop egg cell formation through a key FOXO transcription factor, which is a highly conserved protein across different organisms.